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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

粤港澳全运会竞赛规程出炉******

　　广州日报全媒体记者白志标

　　2025年，第十五届全国运动会(十五运)将由广东省、香港特别行政区和澳门特别行政区共同举办。这是党的二十大后国内首个大型综合运动会，是全运会第一次来到香港和澳门两个特别行政区。日前，国家体育总局竞体司发布第十五届全运会竞赛规程总则，共设置34个大项，即33个奥运项目和1个武术项目。

　　项目设置对标奥运会

　　根据此次发布的十五运竞赛规程总则，在竞赛项目设置上对标了2024年巴黎奥运会，33个奥运项目中除了过去奥运会常设的体操、射击、游泳、赛艇、皮划艇、乒乓球、羽毛球、马术等项目外，还设有巴黎奥运会新增的霹雳舞、滑板、攀岩等新兴项目。而且，在竞赛项目设置中还特别说明，国家体育总局将根据2028年洛杉矶奥运会设项情况完善第十五届全国运动会竞赛项目。

　　作为国内规模最大、竞技水平最高的运动会，全运会从最初融合奥运和非奥项目的“全国体育大会”，逐渐过渡到设项对标奥运选拔竞技人才的重要平台。不过，过去两届全运会为了带动更多普通人群关注和参与体育运动，增设了大量的群体比赛项目，让全运会又返回到全国体育大会模式。

　　西安体育学院教授罗普磷表示，十五运竞赛项目设置和竞赛规程总则说明，全运会重新回到举办全运会的宗旨“就是服务我们国家的奥运战略，提升我国竞技体育综合实力和为国争光能力”。

　　新体能测试成为常态

　　在此次公布的十五运竞赛总规程竞赛办法中，明确强调报名运动员在全运会各项目资格赛前需进行体能测试。众所周知，体育总局2020年颁布各项目统一的体能测试，并且视为参加全国赛事和奥运会的门槛，其不同运动项目却采取相同体能测试标准的“一刀切”做法备受争议，甚至出现众多知名运动员无法参加全锦赛的情况，就连亚洲跑得最快的苏炳添都难以获得参赛资格。幸好各项目协会对体能测试进行了灵活应对，根据项目特点在体能测试时有所选择。

　　然而，在网友提问关于体能测试是否继续执行时，体育总局官网给出明确的答复：狠抓体能、恶补短板是东京奥运会备赛的成功经验，通过强化基础体能训练提高竞技水平、增强实战能力、磨炼意志品质、锻造优良作风、预防伤病和促进疲劳恢复等理念已得到各有关项目国家队和省市运动队的认可，正成为一种共识在队伍训练予以贯彻落实；体育总局将一以贯之持续重视并抓好体能训练工作，推动建立体能训练制度化、长效化、科学化工作机制。

　　因此，进入新的奥运周期，体能测试将依然成为各个运动项目的基础内容，新任的国家体育总局局长高志丹在去年年终的全国体育局长会议上也提出：坚持不懈抓体能，抓好抓实两个冬训。

　　当然，现在不会再执行此前的所有项目统一测试标准，而是根据项目特点设置各自的体能标准。因此，此次粤港澳全运会关于资格赛前进行体能测试的说明中也强调，合理设置体能测试内容、标准和方式，达标者方可参赛。

　　据罗普磷透露，国家体育总局在体能训练方面将规范各项目体能测试标准，定期组织体能测试评估，强化体能训练的监督指导；建立体能测试数据库，不断丰富和完善各项目基础体能、专项体能和冠军体能标准；完善制度措施，将体能水平与入队标准、选拔资格、参赛准入、奖励制度挂钩，推动体能训练持续强化深入。

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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